A powerful relationship exists between synergy arising from equitable partnerships bringing together diverse perspectives across power differences, and the ability to effectively study and address health and social inequities. Synergy, the concept that partners accomplish more together than separately, has long been considered an important intermediate outcome of coalitions, consortia, cooperatives, and other collective entities that entail collaboration among participating members ( Gray, 1989 Khodyakov et al., 2011 Weiss et al., 2002). Understanding what contributes to the success of CBPR partnerships that have been sustained beyond a specific project or funding period is essential to ensuring the long-term effectiveness of community-based approaches to meaningfully realize social and health equity ( Ward et al., 2018 Israel et al., 2013b Schulz et al., 2003).Ī critical dimension in many CBPR frameworks is the concept of partnership synergy, or synergy that arises from collaboration among members of diverse knowledge, perspectives, cultures, and social positions ( Minkler, 2005 Kastelic et al., 2018). CBPR partnerships that examine social determinants of health to reduce health disparities and promote equity have proliferated ( Israel et al., 2013a Wallerstein & Duran, 2018). Drawing upon empowerment ( Zimmerman et al., 1992), critical consciousness ( Freire, 1973), and feminist theories ( Maguire, 2001), and other health and equity frameworks ( Bronfenbrenner, 1992 Smith, 1999), CBPR employs a strength-based approach to reciprocally engage communities and academic researchers, optimize individual and community empowerment, and collaborate with communities as mutual partners in research ( Israel et al., 1998 Wallerstein & Duran, 2018). Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is widely recognized as an effective approach to address complex social and health inequities ( Israel et al., 2013a Viswanathan et al., 2004).
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